Vous pouvez consulter l’enregistrement de la soirée « Vos questions sur la vaccination des enfants » ci-dessous:

De plus, à la fin de la soirée, l’oratrice, Muriel Moser a promis de répondre aux questions en suspens, voici ces réponses, et encore merci à elle pour ce contenu très pédagogique qui a permis d’avoir une soirée très riche en informations pertinentes:

1.      Groupes sanguins et l’infection COVID-19

Voici une revue de la littérature qui suggère en effet que les personnes de groupes sanguins A et AB sont plus susceptibles au COVID-19, alors que les personnes avec le groupe sanguin O sont moins susceptibles

ABO blood group influence COVID-19 infection: a meta-analysis.

Huaqiang Wang ¹, Jiajuan Zhang ², Lu Jia ², Jun Ai ², Yuecheng Yu ³, Maorong Wang ³, Ping Li ⁴

• PMID: 35044935 ; DOI: 10.3855/jidc.13815

Abstract

Introduction: Previous studies have linked the relationship between ABO blood group and COVID-19 infection. However, existing evidence is preliminary and controversial. This meta-analysis sought to identify studies that describe COVID-19 and ABO blood group.

Methodology: A literature search was conducted from PubMed, Web of Science, MedRxiv, BioRxiv and Google Scholar databases. Members of cases and controls were extracted from collected studies. Pooled Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were calculated and interpreted from extracted data. Publication bias and sensitivity analysis were also applied to confirm our discovery.

Results: Total 13,600 patients and 3,445,047 controls were included in the study. Compared to other ABO blood group, blood group O was associated with a lower risk of COVID-19 infection (OR = 0.76, 95%CI 0.66-0.84), while blood group A and AB was associated with a higher risk (OR = 1.25, 95%CI 1.10-1.41; OR = 1.13, 95%CI 1.04-1.23, respectively). In the subgroup analysis, the relationship between blood group A, O and COVID-19 infection remained stable among Chinese, European and Eastern Mediterranean populations. In American population, blood groups B was linked with increased risk of COVID-19 infection (OR = 1.21, 95%CI 1.09-1.35).

Conclusions: Our data suggested that individuals with blood types A and AB are more susceptible to COVID-19, while people with blood type O are less susceptible to infection. More research is needed to clarify the precise role of the ABO blood group in COVID-19 infection to address the global question.

2. Susceptibilité au COVID-19 selon l’origine ethnique

Les disparités raciales existent indépendamment des comorbidités

Racial disparities in COVID-19 outcomes exist despite comparable Elixhauser comorbidity indices between Blacks, Hispanics, Native Americans, and Whites
FaresQeadan, Scientific Reports volume 11, Article number: 8738 (2021) Cite this article

Role des facteurs socio-économiques

Other possible contributing factors to COVID-19 susceptibility among African Americans include lower socioeconomic status, crowded living conditions, living in densely populated parts of cities, reduced access to hygienic products and personal protection equipment, unemployment, employment in the more virus-exposed fields of the job market, along with cultural habits that hinder medical advice seeking (although their exact role warrants further investigations) [24]. Myers [7] went a step further and proposed the influence of “systemic racism on baseline health” as a compounding factor influencing the health of ethnic minorities including African American people
(J Med Internet Res. 2020 Jun; 22(6): e19934.; Published online 2020 Jun 12. doi: 10.2196/19934)

PMCID: PMC7294999

Des prédispositions génétiques jouent probablement  un rôle

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) accounts for over 180,000 deaths in the USA. Although COVID-19 affects all racial ethnicities, non-Hispanic Blacks have the highest mortality rates. Evidence continues to emerge, linking the disproportion of contagion and mortality from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), a result of adverse social determinants of health. Yet, genetic predisposition may also play a credible role in disease transmission. SARS-CoV-2 enters cells by interaction between SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and the receptor molecule angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) expressed on the surface of the target cells, such that polymorphisms and the expression level of ACE2 influence infectivity and consequent pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2. Genetic polymorphisms in other multiple genes, such as acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and interleukin-6, are also closely associated with underlying diseases, such as hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus, which substantially raise SARS-CoV-2 mortality. However, it is unknown how these genetic polymorphisms contribute to the disparate mortality rates, with or without underlying diseases. Of particular interest is the potential that genetic polymorphisms in these genes may be influencing the disparity of COVID-19 mortality rates in Black communities. Here, we review the evidence that biological predisposition for high-risk comorbid conditions may be relevant to our ability to fully understand and therefore address health disparities of COVID-19 deaths in Blacks.

(J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2021; 8(5): 1153–1160.; Published online 2020 Sep 23. doi: 10.1007/s40615-020-00871-y
The Perfect Storm: COVID-19 Health Disparities in US Blacks

Nicole Phillips et al. )

Rapport du CDC (center for disease control

Risk for COVID-19 Infection, Hospitalization, and Death By Race/Ethnicity (Updated Feb. 1, 2022)

Race and ethnicity are risk markers for other underlying conditions that affect health, including socioeconomic status, access to health care, and exposure to the virus related to occupation, e.g., frontline, essential, and critical infrastructure

3. Nombre de PIMS en Belgique

Voici une interview d’une pédiatre dans le Soir qui dit qu’il n’y a pas de recensement de PIMS en Belgique.

Justement, quel est ce syndrome inflammatoire qui survient quatre à six semaines après une infection ?

A.T. : On l’appelle MIS-C ou Pims. Il s’agit d’une maladie inflammatoire qui survient après l’infection à SARS-CoV-2. Le virus vivant n’est plus retrouvé, mais le corps réagit suite à l’infection qu’il a subie. Cette réaction provoque de la fièvre qui persiste pendant plusieurs jours, avec différentes manifestations associées : une conjonctivite (les yeux sont rouges), une rash sur le corps (de petites taches rosées – rouges), des diarrhées ou des douleurs abdominales ou encore une inflammation du muscle du cœur. L’inflammation se marque aussi dans les analyses du sang qui montrent un syndrome inflammatoire important. L’évolution est le plus souvent rapide et favorable avec le traitement adapté, mais il arrive fréquemment que l’enfant doive être surveillé en unité de soins intensifs pour recevoir celui-ci.

Assiste-t-on, comme dans d’autres pays, à une recrudescence des Pims en Belgique ?

A.T. : Il n’y a pas de recensement officiel des cas de MIS-C (ou Pims) en Belgique. Les cas que nous voyons pour le moment sont ceux après une infection à delta datant du mois de décembre 2021. Les pays qui ont eu la vague omicron avant nous, tels que l’Afrique du Sud, ne nous signalent pas de vague de MIS-C actuellement. Ceci pourrait être expliqué par différents éléments, notamment le variant omicron lui-même. Mais ceci reste à vérifier dans les semaines qui viennent vu le délai entre l’infection et cette pathologie inflammatoire.